Predictive Modeling for Underweight Detection in Toddlers Using Support Vector Machine, K-Nearest Neighbors, and Decision Tree C4.5 Algorithms
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.52436/1.jutif.2025.6.6.5439Keywords:
Balita, Gizi Kurang, Machine Learning, Support Vector Machine, Supervised LearningAbstract
Gizi kurang (underweight) pada balita masih menjadi tantangan utama kesehatan masyarakat di Indonesia, dengan prevalensi mencapai 15,9% berdasarkan Survei Kesehatan Indonesia tahun 2023. Kondisi ini berdampak serius terhadap pertumbuhan fisik, perkembangan kognitif, dan kualitas hidup anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan model prediktif guna mendeteksi dini status gizi balita dengan menggunakan metode supervised machine learning. Tiga algoritma pembelajaran terawasi diterapkan dan dievaluasi, yaitu Support Vector Machine (SVM), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), dan Decision Tree C4.5, dengan memanfaatkan dataset berisi 9.284 catatan balita dari Kabupaten Sukoharjo yang mencakup delapan atribut dan satu label kelas status gizi. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa algoritma SVM memberikan performa klasifikasi tertinggi dengan akurasi 98,56%, diikuti KNN dengan akurasi 97,99% dan Decision Tree C4.5 dengan akurasi 96,96%. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa machine learning dapat menjadi alat yang efektif untuk identifikasi dini risiko gizi kurang pada anak, sehingga memungkinkan intervensi yang lebih cepat, tepat, dan berbasis data. Pendekatan ini berkontribusi pada peningkatan efektivitas program kesehatan anak dan mendukung pencapaian target pembangunan kesehatan nasional.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Maria Atik Sunarti Ekowati, Nurul Hidayat, Abdul Karim
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