EXPERT SYSTEM TO DETECT ONLINE GAME ADDICTION FOR UNIVERSITY STUDENTS USING THE BACKWARD CHAINING AND CERTAINTY FACTOR APPROACHES

Al’hadiid Muslimin; Okfalisa Okfalisa; Pizaini Pizaini; Fadhilah  Syafria; Ab Razak  Che Hussin

doi:10.52436/1.jutif.2023.4.4.1308

Al’hadiid Muslimin Department of Informatics Engineering, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Okfalisa Department of Informatics Engineering, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Pizaini Department of Informatics Engineering, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Fadhilah Syafria Department of Informatics Engineering, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia
Ab Razak Che Hussin Information Systems Department, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Malaysia

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52436/1.jutif.2023.4.4.1308

Keywords: Backward Chaining, Certainty Factor, Online games

Abstract

Online gaming addiction harms students' physical health, mental well-being and academic performance. The addiction to playing online games has three categories, namely high, moderate and low, which are rarely known by the general public. The significant of knowledge acquisition on the addiction symptom and preventive activities forces the emergence of new idea on expert system identification platform. Therefore, this research aims to develop an expert system using the Backward Chaining (BC) and Certainty Factor (CF) approaches to detect the initial addiction level of online games for university students. Herein, the BC is used to identify the levelling of online game addiction based on the symptoms experienced by the user. There are thirty-three symptoms (G01-G33) provided through the thorough literature reviews and interviews with psychiatrics. Meanwhile, the CF is applied to calculate the level of certainty in determining the possibility of addiction describing in six scale level interpretation. As a result, the application of these two methods has effectively succeeded and reached proper accuracy in identifying the level of addiction of students towards their behavior on playing online games. The comparison of CF testing values between the system calculation and expert judgement shows the sophisticated result. Thus, this research can be utilized by the medical and psychiatric authorities, parents, and students in assessing their symptoms of addiction as an early warning in facing the possible risks arising from online game addiction.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

D. Ayu Hidayati and I. Krismayani, “Literasi Informasi Mahasiswa Atlet Fakultas Ilmu Keolahragaan Universitas Negeri Semarang,” Jurnal Ilmu Perpustakaan, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 111–120, 2019, https://ejournal3.undip.ac.id/index.php/jip/article/view/23117

M. Rifqi Akbar, “Pengaruh Mahasiswa Magang terhadap Keberlangsungan Kinerja Kantor Walikota Medan,” Jurnal Ilmu Komputer, Ekonomi dan Manajemen (JIKEM), vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 404–408, 2022, https://penerbitbukudeepublish.com/pengertian-mahasiswa/

H. Cahyono and D. Pendidikan Bahasa Inggris STKIP Setia Budhi Rangkasbitung, “Peran Mahasiswa Di Masyarakat,” Jurnal Pengabdian Masyarakat Setiabudhi, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 2019, 2019, https://stkipsetiabudhi.e-journal.id/DeBode

F. Jannah and A. Sulianti, “Perspektif Mahasiswa Sebagai Agen Of Change Melalui Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan,” Journal of Social Science and Education, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 181–193, 2021, doi: 10.47080/propatria.v2i2.593.this.

S. Kartika Wibisono and A. Tri Wulandari, “Rancangan Bangun Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Gejala Kecanduan Game Online Pada Remaja Menggunakan Metode Certainty Factor,” Jurnal Ilmu Komputer Dan Teknologi, vol. 2, no. 1, pp. 17–23, 2021, http://creativecommons.org/licences/by/4.0/

N. Janttaka and W. Juniarta, “Dasar Analisis Dampak Game Online Mobile Legend Pada Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar Di Desa Junjung Kecamatan Sumbergempol Kabupaten Tulungagung,” Inventa: Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah , vol. 04, no. 2, pp. 132–142, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.36456/inventa.4.2.a2683.

I. Dhamayanthie, “Dampak Game Online Terhadap Perilaku Mahasiswa Akamigas Balongan,” Jurnal Rekayasa, Teknologi, dan Sains, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 13–15, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.33024/jrets.v4i1.2419.

Mertika and D. Mariana, “Fenomena Game Online di Kalangan Anak Sekolah Dasar,” Journal Of Educational Review And Research, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 99–104, 2020, doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.26737/jerr.v3i2.2154.

S. Nira Sandya and A. Ramadhani, “Pengaruh Intensitas Bermain Game Online Terhadap Prokrastinasi Akademik Mahasiswa,” Jurnal Imiah Psikologi, vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 202–213, 2021, doi: 10.30872/psikoborneo.

V. Rosendo-Rios, S. Trott, and P. Shukla, “Systematic literature review online gaming addiction among children and young adults: A framework and research agenda,” Addictive Behaviors, vol. 129, p. 107238, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107238.

S. Karaca, A. Karakoc, O. Can Gurkan, N. Onan, and G. Unsal Barlas, “Investigation of the Online Game Addiction Level, Sociodemographic Characteristics and Social Anxiety as Risk Factors for Online Game Addiction in Middle School Students,” Community Ment Health J, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 830–838, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1007/s10597-019-00544-z.

X. Wang, M. Abdelhamid, and G. L. Sanders, “Exploring the effects of psychological ownership, gaming motivations, and primary/secondary control on online game addiction,” Decis Support Syst, vol. 144, p. 113512, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2021.113512.

N. Aziz, M. J. Nordin, S. J. Abdulkadir, and M. M. M. Salih, “Digital Addiction: Systematic Review of Computer Game Addiction Impact on Adolescent Physical Health,” Electronics (Basel), vol. 10, no. 9, 2021, doi: 10.3390/electronics10090996.

A. Saibene, M. Assale, and M. Giltri, “Expert systems: Definitions, advantages and issues in medical field applications,” Expert Syst Appl, vol. 177, p. 114900, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2021.114900.

A. K. Kirgizov, S. A. Dmitriev, M. K. Safaraliev, D. A. Pavlyuchenko, A. H. Ghulomzoda, and J. S. Ahyoev, “Expert system application for reactive power compensation in isolated electric power systems,” International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering, vol. 11, no. 5, pp. 3682–3691, Oct. 2021, doi: 10.11591/ijece.v11i5.pp3682-3691.

B. Sayed, “Application of expert systems or decision-making systems in the field of education,” Journal of Contemporary Issues in Business and Government, vol. 27, p. 2021, Apr. 2021, doi: 10.47750/cibg.2021.27.03.159.

A. R. Dhar, D. Gupta, A. R. Paul, S. S. Roy, and M. Mukherjee, “Hybridized Artificial Neural Network-Based Expert Systems for Modelling of Robotic- Wire and Arc Additive Manufacturing Process,” Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series C, vol. 102, no. 6, pp. 1461–1471, 2021, doi: 10.1007/s40032-021-00762-z.

W. Jearanaiwongkul, C. Anutariya, T. Racharak, and F. Andres, “An Ontology-Based Expert System for Rice Disease Identification and Control Recommendation,” Applied Sciences, vol. 11, no. 21, 2021, doi: 10.3390/app112110450.

Z. M. Yaseen, “The next generation of soil and water bodies heavy metals prediction and detection: New expert system based Edge Cloud Server and Federated Learning technology,” Environmental Pollution, vol. 313, p. 120081, 2022, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120081.

F. Hamdallah, “Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Gejala Kecanduan Game Online Dengan Metode Backward Chaining,” CAKRAWALA – Repositori IMWI, vol. 3, no. 2, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.52851/cakrawala.v3i2.56.

R. Fiati and D. Kurniati, “Backward Chaining Model for Identifying Learning Difficulties Factors Experienced by Children with Disabilities,” Scientific Journal of Informatics, vol. 9, no. 1, 2022, doi: 10.15294/sji.v9i1.25356.

S. H. Wibowo, M. Sugianto Tedjasaputra, and M. S. Tedjasaputra, “The Effectiveness of Backward Chaining in Improving Buttoning Skills in a Child with Moderate Intellectual Disability and Poor Vision: Single-Case Design,” Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, vol. 229, pp. 133–143, 2019, doi: 10.2991/iciap-18.2019.11.

A. Doni, A. Fadli, R. H. Maulana, V. Y. Putri, and P. Rosyani, “Analisis Metode Backward Chaining pada Sistem Pakar: Systematic Literature Review,” Jurnal Inovasi dan Humaniora, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 10–16, 2023.

D. Deslianti, “Penerapan Metode Certainty Factor Dalam Mendiagnosa Penyakit Pada Mata Manusia,” JUKOMIKA (Jurnal Ilmu Komputer Dan Informatika), vol. 3, no. 4, 2020, https://jurnal.ikhafi.or.id/index.php/jukomika/456

V. Octavia, J. E. H. Jhonson, and C. M. Cecep, “Using Forward Chaining Methods To Diagnose Cholesterol Disease Using The Web,” Jurnal Teknik Informatika (Jutif), vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 1689–1697, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.20884/1.jutif.2022.3.6.464.

Q. Wang, Y. Guo, W. Li, J. He, and Z. Wu, “Predictive modeling of landslide hazards in Wen County, northwestern China based on information value, weights-of-evidence, and certainty factor,” Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 820–835, Jan. 2019, doi: 10.1080/19475705.2018.1549111.

A. Azareh et al., “Modelling gully-erosion susceptibility in a semi-arid region, Iran: Investigation of applicability of certainty factor and maximum entropy models,” Science of the Total Environment, vol. 655, pp. 684–696, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.235.

T. Denda, D. Wahiddin, A. Fitri, and N. Masruriyah, “Implementasi Algoritma Certainty Factor pada sistem pakar untuk Mendeteksi Kecanduan Online Games,” vol. III, no. 2, 2022, http://journal.ubpkarawang.ac.id/mahasiswa/index.php/ssj/article/view/435

J. Hidayatullah, Y. Azhar, and W. Suharso, “Sistem Pakar Diagnosa HIV/AIDS Menggunakan Metode Backward Chaining dan Certainty Factor,” REPOSITOR, vol. 2, no. 11, pp. 1436–1443, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.22219/repositor.v2i11.715.

Taufiq and M. Luthfi, “Aplikasi Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Untuk Kerusakan Cvt Pada Sepeda Motor Honda Berbasis Web,” Jurnal Teknik Informatika Kaputama, vol. 4, no. 1, 2020, https://jurnal.kaputama.ac.id/index.php/JTIK/index

A. Yulianto, K. Dwi Septiady, A. Praja, and S. Mugono, “Pemecahan Masalah Dalam Mencari Kesalahan (Trouble Shooting) Dengan Metode Sistem Pakar (Expert System) Menggunakan Teorema Bayesian Pada Mesin Kapal,” Jurnal Cahaya Bagaskara, vol. 6, no. 1, 2021, https://jurnal.umpp.ac.id/index.php/cahaya_bagaskara/index

N. Huda, T. Meidina, and T. Pristiwaluyo, “Efektivitas Metode Backward Chaining Terhadap Peningkatkan Kemampuan Memakai Kaos Oblong Murid Tunagrahita Sedang di Kota Bima,” Journal of Art, Humanity And Social Studies, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 97–110, 2023.

M. J. A. Soebroto and E. Djuwita, “Penerapan backward chaining untuk meningkatkan keterampilan berpakaian pada anak dengan disabilitas intelektual,” Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi Terapan, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 1, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.22219/jipt.v9i1.11542.

I. Made, D. Herdia Wiranata, I. Made Putrama, and A. Wirawan, “Pengembangan Web Semantik Silsilah Keluarga Kawitan Nararya Dalem Benculuk Tegeh Kori Dengan Metode Forward Chaining Dan Backward Chaining,” Jurnal Nasional Pendidikan Teknik Informatika, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 1–11, 2019, doi: 10.23887/janapati.v8i1.13470.

R. Tama Andri Agus and M. Dwi Sena, “Expert System for Nutrition Deficiency Diagnosis in Hydroponic Plants Using Certainty Factor Method,” Jurnal Teknik Informatika (JUTIF), vol. 3, no. 3, 2022, doi: 10.20884/1.jutif.2022.3.3.241.

W. Ningsih, N. A. Hasibuan, and E. Hatmi, “Analisa Perbandingan Metode Certainty Factor dan Teorema Bayes Untuk Mendiagnosa Penyakit Asam Urat,” Nasional Teknologi Informasi dan Komputer), vol. 6, no. 1, 2022, doi: 10.30865/komik.v6i1.5687.

K. Dewi, E. Kurniawan, and S. Sudarmin, “Design Of Expert System Based On Certainty Factor Algorithm In Diagnosis Of Cholesterol Level In Adolescents,” Jurnal Teknik Informatika (Jutif), vol. 3, no. 6, pp. 1557–1564, Dec. 2022, doi: 10.20884/1.jutif.2022.3.6.387.

N. A. Hasibuan and A. Fau, “Sistem Pakar Kombinasi Metode Certainty Factor dan Dempster Shafer,” Journal of Information System Research (JOSH), vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 85–90, Jan. 2022, doi: 10.47065/josh.v3i2.1252.

D. Maulina and A. M. Wulanningsih, “Metode Certainty Factor Dalam Penerapan Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Anak,” JOISM : Jurnal Of Information System Management, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 2715–3088, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.24076/joism.2020v2i1.171

N. Sunaryo, Y. Yuhandri, and S. Sumijan, “Sistem Pakar Menggunakan Metode Certainty Factor dalam Identifikasi Pengembangan Minat dan Bakat Khusus pada Siswa,” Jurnal Sistim Informasi dan Teknologi, pp. 48–55, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.37034/jsisfotek.v3i2.43.

A. Sucipto, Y. Fernando, R. I. Borman, and N. Mahmuda, “Penerapan Metode Certainty Factor Pada Diagnosa Penyakit Saraf Tulang Belakang,” Jurnal Ilmiah FIFO, vol. 10, no. 2, p. 18, Mar. 2019, doi: 10.22441/fifo.2018.v10i2.002.

S. Marget and C. Silalahi, “Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Gejala Kecanduan Game Online Berbasis Web Menggunakan Metode Backward Chaining,” TeIKa (Teknologi Informasi dan Komunikasi), vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 175–183, 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.36342/teika.v11i2.2614.

K. Saddhono, B. W. Setyawan, Y. M. Raharjo, and R. Devilito, “The diagnosis of online game addiction on Indonesian adolescent using certainty factor method,” Ingenierie des Systemes d’Information, vol. 25, no. 2, pp. 191–197, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.18280/isi.250206.

A. Anwar, R. Syam, Muh. I. Pratama, and S. Side, “SEIRS model analysis for online game addiction problem of mathematics students,” J Phys Conf Ser, vol. 1918, no. 4, p. 42024, Jun. 2021, doi: 10.1088/1742-6596/1918/4/042024.

A. Amalia Mortara and A. Desiani, “Implementasi Metode Certainty Factor dalam Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Katarak A BSTRAK,” Jurnal Amplifier Mei, vol. 13, 2023.

A. M. Tambunan, S. Ratnawati, R. Aruan, P.Intan, D. Sitanggang, “An expert system for diagnosing plant diseases using certainty factor and backward chaining based on android,” IOP Conf. Series: Journal of Physics: Conf. Series 1230, 012075, 2019, doi:10.1088/1742-6596/1230/1/012075.